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Diuretics pharmacology NCLEX questions Questions And Correct Detailed Answers (Verified Answers) Already Graded A+
- To evaluate the therapeutic effects of mannitol (Osmitrol), the nurse should monitor
the patient for which clinical finding? A. Increase in urine osmolality B. Decrease in serum osmolality C. Decrease in intracranial pressure D. Increase in cerebral blood
volume Correct Answer: C. Decrease in intracranial pressure
- To treat a patient with pulmonary edema, the nurse prepares to administer which
diuretic to this patient? A. Furosemide (Lasix) B. Amiloride (Midamor) C. Triamterene
(Dyrenium) D. Spironolactone (Aldactone) Correct Answer: A. Furosemide (Lasix)
- To treat a patient diagnosed with primary hyperaldosteronism, the nurse would
expect to administer which diuretic? A. Furosemide (Lasix) B. Acetazolamide (Diamox) C. Spironolactone (Aldactone) D. Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL)
Correct Answer: C. Spironolactone (Aldactone)
- A patient asks the nurse about using potassium supplements while taking
- When preparing to administer intravenous furosemide (Lasix) to a patient with renal
spironolactone (Aldactone). What is the nurse's best response? A. "I will call your health care provider and discuss your concern." B. "I would recommend that you take two multivitamins every day." C. "This diuretic is potassium sparing, so there is no need for extra potassium." D. "You will need to take potassium supplements for the medication to be effective." Correct Answer: C. "This diuretic is potassium sparing, so there is no need for extra potassium."
dysfunction, the nurse will administer the medication no faster than which rate? A. 2
mg/min B. 4 mg/min C. 6 mg/min D. 8 mg/min Correct Answer: B. 4 mg/min
- The nurse would question the use of mannitol (Osmitrol) for which patient
condition? A. Increased intraocular pressure B. Oliguria from acute renal failure C.Cerebral edema from head trauma D. Anuria related to end-stage kidney disease
Correct Answer: D. Anuria related to end-stage kidney disease
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- Why does the health care provider prescribe furosemide (Lasix) 40 mg twice a day
by mouth for a patient with a history of renal insufficiency? A. Furosemide is effective in treating patients with hypoaldosteronism. B. Furosemide helps the kidney with reabsorption of sodium and water. C. Furosemide has an antagonist effect to prevent respiratory alkalosis. D. Furosemide is effective in treating patients
with impaired kidney function. Correct Answer: D. Furosemide is effective in
treating patients with impaired kidney function.
- Which laboratory test result is a common adverse effect of furosemide (Lasix)? A.
Hypokalemia B. Hypernatremia C. Hyperchloremia D. Hypophosphatemia Correct
Answer: A. Hypokalemia
- The nurse is providing education to a patient prescribed spironolactone (Aldactone)
and furosemide (Lasix). What information does the nurse explain to the patient? A.Using two drugs increases blood osmolality and the glomerular filtration rate. B. This combination promotes diuresis but decreases the risk of low levels of potassium. C.The lowest dose of two different types of diuretics are more effective than a large dose of one type. D. This combination maintains water balance to protect against
dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Correct Answer: B. This combination
promotes diuresis but decreases the risk of low levels of potassium.
- For a patient prescribed hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL), the nurse should
closely monitor which laboratory test value? A. Sodium B. Glucose C. Calcium D.
Chloride Correct Answer: B. Glucose
- When assessing a patient taking triamterene (Dyrenium), the nurse would monitor
for which possible adverse effect? A. Hypokalemia B. Hyperkalemia C.
Hypoglycemia D. Hypernatremia Correct Answer: B. Hyperkalemia
- When teaching a patient about symptoms of hypokalemia, the nurse will instruct
- Muscle weakness
- A patient prescribed spironolactone (Aldactone) asks the nurse to assist with food
the patient to notify the health care provider if which symptom occurs? A.Diaphoresis B. Constipation C. Blurred vision D. Muscle weakness Correct Answer:
choices that are low in potassium. The nurse would recommend which food choices? (Select all that apply.) A. Apples B. Bananas C. Pineapple D. Lean meat E.
Winter squash Correct Answers: A. Apples, C. Pineapple, D. Lean meat
- Acetazolamide (Diamox) is used to treat which conditions? (Select all that apply.) A.
Dry eye syndrome B. Cardiac dysrhythmias C. High-altitude sickness D. Open-angle
glaucoma E. Edema associated with heart failure Correct Answers: C. High-
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altitude sickness, D. Open-angle glaucoma, E. Edema associated with heart failure
- Potassium-sparing diuretics may cause which common adverse reactions? (Select
all that apply.) A. Dizziness B. Headache C. Hyperkalemia D. Mental confusion E.
Muscle weakness Correct Answers: A. Dizziness, B. Headache, C. Hyperkalemia
- Which laboratory value might indicate an adverse response to hydrochlorothiazide
(HydroDIURIL)? A. Sodium levels B. Glucose levels C. Calcium levels D. Chloride
levels Correct Answer: B. Glucose levels
- The nurse is providing education to a patient on why spironolactone (Aldactone) and
furosemide (Lasix) are prescribed together. What information does the nurse provide to the patient? A. Moderate doses of two different types of diuretics are more effective than a large dose of one type. B. This combination promotes diuresis but decreases the risk of hypokalemia. C. This combination prevents dehydration and hypovolemia. D. Using two drugs increases osmolality of plasma and the glomerular filtration rate. Correct Answer: B. This combination promotes diuresis but decreases the risk of hypokalemia.
