BIOS 251 Exam 1 Review

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BIOS 251 Exam 1 Review

• The heart would be considered what type of endocrine tissue?

–Answer Secondary

• When a pancreatic beta cell produces insulin that binds to itself for glucose transport, this is

considered signaling.–Answer Autocrine

• The adenohypophysis secretes TSH, which stimulates the thyroid to make T3/T4. This is

considered stimuli.–Answer Hormonal

• How do hydrophilic hormones travel in the blood?

–Answer Freely

• Where are the receptors for a hydrophobic hormone?

–Answer Inside cytosol or nu- cleus

• List the three classes of amino acid based hormones

–Answer Amine, Peptide, Protein

• Which AA hormones are not hydrophilic?

–Answer Thyroid Hormones

• What polarity are steroid hormones?

–Answer Hydrophobic (nonpolar)

• What sort of hormones are made in the hypothalamus? 1 / 2

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–Answer Thyrotropin-releas- ing hormone (TRH), Prolactin releasing hormone(PRH), Gonadotropin- releasing hormone(GnRH), Corticotropin releasing hormone(CRH), Growth hormone releas- ing hormone (GHRH), Prolactin inhibiting hormone (PIH), Growth hormone inhibiting hormone(GIH)

• What is the purpose of the hypophyseal portal system?

–Answer For hormones to bypass the systemic system

• What are the two regions of the hypophysis? How do they differ?

–Answer Adenohy- pophysis and Neurohypophysis. Adeno is glandular where as Neuro is nerve tissue.Neurohypophysis stains lighter on a slide

• What hormone stimulates production of FSH in the AP?

–Answer GnRH

• What is the target tissue of ACTH?

–Answer Adrenal Cortex

• Parafollicular cells in the thyroid make what hormone?

–Answer Calcitonin

• In the adrenal cortex, zona reticularis makes hormones.

–Answer Androgenic steroids

• What is the function of glucagon?

–Answer To raise blood sugar

• Erythropoietin is produced mainly in the and function in .

–Answer Red Bone Marrow to make more erythrocytes due to low blood oxygen

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